Synthesis of Fe2O3/Mn2O3 Nanocomposites and Impregnated Porous Silicates for Dye Removal: Insights into Treatment Mechanisms

Fe2O3/Mn2O3 nanocomposites and impregnated porous silicates (Fe2O3/Mn2O3@SiO2 [FMS]) were prepared investigated as catalytic adsorbents. The catalysts applied for cationic anionic dye pollutants in the adsorption, Fenton reaction, photocatalysis processes at a pH of 7. nanoparticles (FM-NPs) using co-precipitation method SiO2 by sol–gel process. synthesized materials characterized various sophisticated techniques. Results indicated that impregnation bi-metallic NPs increased surface area, function adsorbent also improved. FMS showed significant adsorption effect, with 79.2% rhodamine B removal within 15 min. photocatalyst reaction rates 85.3% 97.9%, respectively, indicating negatively charged silicate attracts pollutants. In case pollutant, Congo red, did not occur, rate was 79%, repulsive force between silica dye. Simultaneously, bi-metal-bonded FM-NPs facilitated photocatalytic reducing recombination electron-hole pairs. This study provides new insights into synthesis adsorbents their mechanisms based on conditions contaminant characteristics. developed have potential applications environmental mitigation.